Exam Guru

  🌍 Introduction Mahatma Gandhi , the  "Father of the Nation,"  played the most crucial role in India’s struggle for freedom. His philosophy of  non-violence (Ahimsa)  and  civil disobedience (Satyagraha)  inspired millions and forced the British to leave India. This article covers: ✔  Gandhi’s early life & influences ✔  Key movements he led  (Non-Cooperation, Dandi March, Quit India) ✔  Impact on India’s freedom struggle ✔  Why his methods worked By the end, you’ll understand why Gandhi remains one of  history’s greatest leaders . 📜 Gandhi’s Early Life & Influences 1. Childhood & Education Born on  October 2, 1869 , in Porbandar, Gujarat. Studied law in  London (1888-1891) . Worked as a lawyer in  South Africa (1893-1915) . 2. Experiences in South Africa Faced racial discrimination ( "Coolie Barrister" insult ). Developed  Satyagraha  (truth-force) against unjust laws. Led  prot...

Introduction The  Revolt of 1857 , often called the  First War of Indian Independence , was a major uprising against British rule in India. It marked the beginning of organized resistance and laid the foundation for India’s future freedom struggle. This article explores: ✔  Causes  – Political, economic, social, and military reasons. ✔  Key Leaders  – Mangal Pandey, Rani Lakshmibai, Bahadur Shah II, and others. ✔  Impact  – How it shaped India’s fight for independence. By the end, you’ll understand why 1857 was a  turning point  in Indian history. 🔥 Causes of the Revolt of 1857 1. Political Causes Doctrine of Lapse (Lord Dalhousie)  – British annexed kingdoms like  Satara, Jhansi, and Nagpur  if rulers died without heirs. Disrespect to Mughals  – Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal emperor, was degraded to a pensioner. Annexation of Awadh (1856)  – Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was exiled, angering sepoys (many were from Aw...